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Every loudspeaker we manufacture is inevitably subject to the laws of physics. To give you an idea of the complexity involved in respecting these principles, we’ve published a dedicated technical document that explores this vast topic.
Since 1971, we have been designing and fully manufacturing our loudspeakers in-house. To share the fundamental principles that guide our work, we’ve created a technical document accessible to anyone wishing to better understand what high fidelity truly means.
Regardless of its design, a loudspeaker is governed by physical laws. These are not beliefs or subjective preferences, but immutable principles that shape how sound is reproduced. By embracing rather than circumventing these laws, we achieve faithful and lasting reproduction.
Our document explains these principles in a clear and illustrated manner—showing, for instance, how the moving mass of a driver, its damping, mechanical structure or acoustic loading directly affect the listening experience.
To reproduce music with accuracy, a system must respect its dynamic range. While this might seem obvious, preserving microdynamics is a complex challenge that requires precise control. Our technical choices are guided by this priority—particularly in our crossover filters and the materials and internal structure of our enclosures.
We have chosen to produce everything ourselves, including our drivers. This demanding approach allows us to fine-tune every mechanical, electrical, and acoustic parameter in total harmony with the overall loudspeaker design. This complete control is what enables the musical coherence we strive for.
Designing a loudspeaker also means navigating inherent trade-offs: size, efficiency, bass extension, high-frequency dispersion… Our approach is not to hide these compromises, but to understand and balance them in the service of natural, fatigue-free listening—respecting musical intent and delivering true emotional impact.
This booklet is not a product catalog. It is a richly illustrated educational resource that reveals what lies behind a loudspeaker’s façade. It helps pose the right questions, distinguish true challenges from technical gimmicks, and offers insight into the depth of our design philosophy.
Whether you are an audiophile, an engineer, a musician, or simply curious, this document offers a clear look at the physical and technical foundations of demanding sound reproduction. It also helps explain why some systems impress quickly but lead to listening fatigue, while others—more balanced and restrained—offer long-lasting satisfaction to both audiophiles and music lovers.
